Central bank gold reserves do not simply sit dormant in subterranean vaults. Through gold swaps and leasing operations, monetary authorities generate yield and manage systemic currency liquidity.
1. Mechanics of the Gold Lease Rate (GLR)
The Gold Lease Rate is derived from LIBOR/SOFR minus the Gold Forward Offered Rate (GOFO). When bullion banks borrow gold, they pay a fraction of a percent annually to central banks, allowing them to short physical metal to supply industrial and jewelry demand.